Powerpoint 10/1/12
  • 1981 – Sony created first consumer digital camera – Sony Mavica
  • Digital imaging uses an electronic image sensor to record image vs. chemicals on film
    • Two types of sensors
      • CCD: charge coupled device
      • CMOS sensors: complementary metal-oxide semiconductor-type of digital circuitry
  • pixel- single element, point, dot, that contains color
    • depending on camera capability, you can capture images with millions of pixels
  • monitor resolution- number of dots drawn horizontally across the screen, and vertically across the screen
  • Bit depth- number of bits of information each pixel
  • GIF- graphics interchange format
  • -can animate in short loops
  • -replaced by PNG
  • PNG- portable networks graphic
  • -lossless compression
  • -flexible color-wise than GIF's
  • small graphics= use PNG
  • animated graphics= use GIF
  • Digital Photography Terminology
    • Focal length
    • Aperture
    • ISO
    • Shutter speed
    • sRGB
    • EXIF data/GPS
    • RAW (.CR2/.NEF)

Powerpoint 10/2/12
  • Composition: arrangement of elements and their relationship to the background of the image
    • Find the focal point
      • Pick one focal point and isolate the subject. Be sure that only things you want the view to see appear in the picture!
    • Simplify your Background
      • Try changing your point of view by walking around the focal point to get rid of distracting background
    • Avoid Unrelated Subjects
      • Make the reason for taking this picture clear
    • Avoid Centering Subjects
      • Generally, pictures with subjects directly in the center tend to be more static and less interesting than pictures with off center subject placement
    • Rule of Thirds
      • The human eye is naturally drawn to a point about 2/3 up a page
      • Imagine our picture area dived into thirds both horizontally and vertically
      • the intersections of these imaginary lines suggest four options for placing the center of interest for good composition
      • See slides 9-14 for examples

The Megapixel Myth (Article)
  • Pixels- Stands for Picture Element. Made up of little dots arranged horizontally and vertically to form a picture.
  • Image Resolution- Resolutions is how many pixels you have counted horizontally or vertically when used to describe a stored image. Usually fewer pixels vertically since the images aren’t as tall as they are wide.
  • Print resolution-How many pixels you have per inch or other linear unit when you print on paper.
  • Screen resolution-Most computer screens today are about 100 DPI, dots per inch. Most computer screens are about 1,024 x 768 pixels. If your screen is 10" wide then divides 1,024 by 10 and you have a 102.4 DPI screen. Bigger screens tend to have more pixels, for instance, my 22" CRT has 1,600 x 1,200 pixels and has a viewing area of 16 x 12."



How Cameras Work



-This light path depends on two major factors: 1) the angle of the light beam's entry into the lens.

2) The structure of the lens



-The magnification power of a lens is described by its focal length

-focal length is the distance between the lens and the real image of an object in the distance.

-telephoto lens is a lens with an especially long focal length

- For close ups use wide-angle lens

-shutter determines how much light gets into the lense of the camera

-two major factors of exposure level: 1) How much light is passing through the lens

2) How long the film is exposed

- To increase or decrease the amount of light passing through the lens you must adjust aperture
(is a hole or an opening through which light travels).
.

-shutter speed determines length of exposure.